Machine-Bound Accounts (MBA)

Machine-Bound Accounts (MBAs) are smart contract wallets bound to device NFTs using the ERC-6551 standard. They enable autonomous, secure interactions between devices (or agents) and on-chain applications — making machines first-class actors in the blockchain ecosystem.

MBAs bring programmability, ownership enforcement, and permissioned execution to devices, allowing them to:

• Receive and manage rewards

• Perform on-chain staking or lending

• Execute delegated actions

• Interact with Dapps autonomously or via authorized signers

How MBAs Work

An MBA is a smart contract wallet that is:

• Deterministically generated based on a device unique ID (e.g., serial number, IMEI number, etc..)

• Fully programmable, just like externally owned accounts (EOAs) or other smart contract wallets

• Securely bound to the identity and ownership of the NFT

This binding ensures that only the owner of the device can control or delegate permissions for the MBA.

MBA Generation

MBA generation follows the ERC-6551 registry specification. The account address is computed from the following parameters:

• Implementation contract address

• Unique salt value

• Chain ID

• NFT contract address

• NFT token ID

This process is deterministic — meaning the same device will always resolve to the same MBA wallet address.

Example MBA Addresses

While ERC-6551 is EVM-specific, the concept of token-bound accounts can be adapted to other chains like Solana, using comparable account abstraction primitives.

EVM	0xb2119aF10cc641162968ED255dC4E688dC4B2B6E
Solana	FDNY674k4dC9zoGSnGzaajjYnXoKKvAAp3GZU7sAfnGX

When is an MBA Created?

In practice, an MBA is automatically generated when a DePIN project registers an ioID for the device on-chain